Large Off-Road 4x4

Cars are subjected to the following tests: as 2011 with nominal updates to test and assessment protocols.

Thresholds are significantly raised from 2011 levels in the area of Pedestrian Protection. Additionally, cars must have a higher overall score than in 2011 to get to four and five stars.

Star ratings from 2012 are more demanding than those from previous years, due to more stringent Pedestrian Protection requiements, and should not be directly compared.

Cars are subjected to the following tests: as 2010 with nominal updates to test and assessment protocols. ESC functionality tests included.

Thresholds for star ratings maintained the same as 2010. Star ratings from 2011 can be compared directly with those from 2010.